Article 110 — Repeal (EU AI Act)

Article 110 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 — Repeal. Official text, practical interpretation, key obligations and compliance implications.

Official Text Summary

Article 110 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (the EU AI Act) is the repeal provision situated within Title XIII — Final Provisions. It provides for the formal repeal of legislative instruments that are superseded or rendered redundant by the entry into force of the AI Act as the Union's primary horizontal legislative framework for artificial intelligence.

The repeal mechanism operates in conjunction with Article 111 (Entry into force and application), ensuring legal continuity and preventing the coexistence of conflicting or duplicative obligations across EU law. Where prior instruments contained provisions touching on AI-related safety, classification, or oversight that fall within the material scope of the AI Act, Article 110 clarifies that those prior instruments no longer govern such matters from the applicable date.

The article also reflects the legislative policy of the EU legislature to consolidate AI governance under a single regulatory framework, avoiding fragmentation that would complicate enforcement and compliance. Any references in other Union acts or national legislation to provisions now repealed are to be read, where appropriate, as references to the corresponding provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689. This interpretation rule preserves the coherence of the broader EU legal order and prevents regulatory gaps arising from the repeal.

Competent authorities and organisations relying on previously applicable rules are directed by Article 110 to operate exclusively under the AI Act's framework from the date of its application.

What This Means in Practice

For compliance teams, legal counsel, and organisations operating AI systems across the EU, Article 110 has a housekeeping but legally significant role. Its primary practical effect is to eliminate regulatory ambiguity that would otherwise arise if prior instruments remained nominally in force alongside the AI Act.

Organisations that had mapped their AI governance frameworks against earlier sector-specific or partial AI-related rules must conduct a gap analysis to confirm that their compliance baseline is now aligned with Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 rather than any repealed predecessor provisions. This is particularly relevant for operators in regulated industries — such as space, defence-adjacent sectors, and critical infrastructure — where prior Union legislative acts may have contained relevant AI or automated decision-making provisions.

Legal and compliance teams should update internal policies, contractual references, and risk assessments to remove citations to repealed instruments and replace them with the appropriate articles of the AI Act. Procurement documentation, conformity assessment procedures, and technical documentation that reference superseded rules must be revised accordingly.

For national authorities, Article 110 signals that enforcement jurisdiction over the repealed provisions transfers to the AI Act's supervisory architecture, including the national competent authorities designated under Article 70 and the European AI Office established under Article 64. Organisations should ensure their regulatory liaison and reporting channels reflect this shift. The repeal also simplifies the legal landscape for multinational operators by reducing the number of instruments they must track and reconcile.

Key Obligations

• Cease reliance on any legislative provisions repealed by Article 110 as a compliance basis for AI-related obligations from the date of the AI Act's application.
• Update all internal compliance documentation, policies, and risk frameworks to remove references to repealed instruments and substitute references to the corresponding provisions of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689.
• Revise contracts, conformity assessment records, and technical documentation that cite superseded rules to reflect the AI Act as the governing framework.
• Treat references in other Union acts or national measures to repealed provisions as references to the equivalent AI Act provisions, and document this interpretive mapping in your compliance records.
• Notify relevant internal stakeholders — including procurement, legal, product, and engineering teams — of the regulatory transition effected by Article 110 to ensure no business unit continues to apply obsolete requirements.
• Confirm with national competent authorities, where applicable, that supervisory relationships and reporting obligations have migrated to the AI Act's oversight architecture.

Relationship to Other Articles

Article 110 operates as a companion to Article 111 (Entry into force and application), which sets the precise dates on which the AI Act's various provisions become applicable and on which the repeal takes full effect. It should be read alongside Article 109 (Amendments to Regulation (EU) 2018/858) and the other amendment articles in Title XIII, which together complete the legislative consolidation exercise of which the repeal is one part.

Article 70 (Designation of national competent authorities and single points of contact) and Article 64 (European AI Office) are relevant because the repeal transfers supervisory competence to the AI Act's enforcement architecture. Transitional provisions in Article 111 also interact with Article 110 by providing continuity rules that prevent regulatory voids during the phased application period. Organisations should additionally cross-reference Recitals 160–170, which set out the legislature's rationale for the consolidation approach and offer interpretive guidance on how the repeal fits within the AI Act's broader harmonisation objectives.

Compliance Timeline

Article 110 takes effect within the EU AI Act's phased application structure, which began with the regulation's entry into force on 1 August 2024 following publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

The key application milestones relevant to Article 110 are:

• 1 August 2024 — Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 enters into force; repeal provisions are legally established from this date.
• 2 February 2025 — Prohibited AI practices under Title II become applicable; from this point, no repealed provision may be invoked to justify conduct that falls within the AI Act's prohibition framework.
• 2 August 2025 — General-purpose AI (GPAI) model obligations under Title VIII become applicable; organisations should have completed their documentation updates by this date.
• 2 August 2026 — Full general application of the AI Act, including high-risk AI system requirements under Title III. By this date all compliance frameworks must be grounded exclusively in Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 with no residual reliance on repealed instruments.
• 2 August 2027 — Extended transition deadline for certain high-risk AI systems that are components of regulated products under existing EU product safety legislation.

Organisations should treat the 2 August 2026 full application date as the outer limit for completing any regulatory transition work connected to Article 110's repeal.